Rathausart ââ“ the Art Fair in the City Hal Nuremberg
Westfassade des Alten Rathauses von Nordwesten, 2006
The Nuremberg Urban center Hall is located in the old town of Nuremberg, just east of the choir of the Sebalduskirche. It is function of the Celebrated Mile of Nuremberg as i of the metropolis's sights. The imposing Renaissance edifice by architect Jakob Wolff the Younger (1571–1620) was severely damaged during World War 2 and had to be largely rebuilt in the 1950s. In the process, the construction was shortened by two window axes on the north side. On the south side is a core Gothic Saalbau, which Albrecht Dürer designed. The Lochgefängnisse, located in the basement, are considered a tourist attraction, every bit is the Cute Fountain, located directly in front end of the New City Hall, designed past Kurt Schneckendorf in 1951 and congenital from 1954 to 1956. This edifice replaced the row of houses between the Quondam Town Hall and the Hauptmarkt, which had been destroyed during the war.
Building history [edit]
One-time boondocks hall [edit]
Darstellung des Rathauses von Matthäus Merian in the Topographia Franconiae, 1656
Until the 14th century, the city did not have its own metropolis hall. Instead, the Quango met in a house of the clothiers, which is alternately referred to in documents every bit the Gewandhaus, only as a firm or as der Bürger Haus. It was not until the Lorenzer and Sebalder halves of the city were united to form the universitas civium and connected by a mutual wall that the council caused an estate from the Heilsbronn Monastery in 1322 and subsequently expanded the area to the north by purchasing additional houses and converting it for authoritative purposes.
Ostfassade des gotischen Saalbaus, 2006
Westfassade mit Blick auf die Sebalduskirche und Geschäfte, wo Teile des heutigen Rathauses stehen
Südfassade des gotischen Saalbaus, 2010
Westfassade des Alten Rathauses, 1891
The hall edifice on the s side, which contains the großer Rathaussaal on the upper flooring, was built as the oldest part of the building complex in 1332–1340 under the direction of the city architect Philipp Groß. The hall edifice of the 14th century was joined past two annexes along the town hall courtyard to the n, of which the 1 with the quango bedchamber on the east side has been preserved.
At the kickoff of the 16th century, the town council undertook an extensive renovation of the town hall. The so-called Ratsstube building with the belatedly Gothic curtain wall facade was congenital by Hans Beheim the Elder in 1514–1515 in the due north. The painting of the facade was carried out in 1521, and the painting of the peachy hall co-ordinate to designs and nether the direction of Albrecht Dürer was begun in 1521 and finished in 1528/30. It was the largest mural and ceiling painting in Europe at the time, surpassed only by the Sistine Chapel begun ten years after.
With the self-confidence of a flourishing Reichsstadt, it was decided to build a new building in the architecture of an Italian palace almost 100 years subsequently. Later preliminary planning and conception by the city builder Wolf Jacob Stromer, planned by Jakob Wolff the Younger as a 4-wing complex (therefore likewise chosen Wolff'scher Bau), the building in 1616–1622 did not turn out to be and then Italian afterwards all. Although the horizontal, hitherto unknown in Nuremberg history, plays a dominant role in the elongated awe-inspiring building, the roof region returns to the native vertical with the Dwarf Houses, completely unthinkable in Italy.
The foundation stones were laid in 1616 and 1619. On the west side, all Gothic building elements were sacrificed to information technology. The uniform window front contrasts with the three Bizarre portals, whose sculptures, including figures from the Bible volume of Daniel, were commissioned past the city council in 1617 and designed by the sculptor Leonhard Kern. In a higher place the central portal, the chief entrance, is emblazoned the coat of arms of the Holy Roman Empire of the High german Nation with the imperial eagle.
With the onset of the Thirty Years' War, construction slowed and came to a halt in 1622. Completed and furnished were the main edifice in the due west and three wings around the town hall courtyard. The buildings were not completed until later the end of the war. To this day, the facade characterizes the town hall.
The walls of the small boondocks hall hall were decorated in 1825 in the course of restoration measures by Christian Friedrich Fues with painted portraits of famous Nuremberg donors. The magistrate had this bicycle replaced in 1889/90 by history paintings by Friedrich Wanderer.
In the northeast corner of the big courtyard of the town hall and on the south side of Theresienstrasse, new buildings in the neo-Gothic manner were constructed in 1885–1889 co-ordinate to plans past August Essenwein New buildings were erected in the neo-Gothic style. Hans Pylipp built, at about the same time, a new office building in place of the old Fünferhaus on Fünferplatz. Heinrich Wallraff based his 1907–1910 new buildings north of Theresienstrasse on the Nuremberg Renaissance of the 16th century. Amid other things, parts of the buildings of the one-time Dominikanerkloster were demolished for this purpose.
In 1944/45, after bomb hits during the air raids on Nuremberg, the entire city hall circuitous burned down to the surrounding walls. It was not until 1956–1962 that the Old Town Hall was rebuilt on these ruins under the direction of Harald Clauß. The interior of the Quondam Boondocks Hall was only restored betwixt 1982 and 1985, including the wall paneling and the coffered wooden butt ceiling. Because the photo documentation of the wall painting once executed past Albrecht Dürer's workshop according to his designs was lost, the painter Michael Mathias Prechtl was commissioned with a pattern for a contemporary painting. Afterwards a long controversial and bitter discussion, Prechtl withdrew his pattern in 1988, the walls remained white, and local politics decided on a "suspension for reflection." Afterwards a video installation in the summer of the Dürer anniversary year 2012, in which both an animation based on the recovered photo documentation from 1944 and the projection of Prechtl's design on the notwithstanding white wall were shown, a renewed give-and-take arose about the restoration of the painting.
New town hall [edit]
West facade of the New Town Hall from northwest, 2007
The buildings betwixt the boondocks hall and the northern terminate of the main marketplace foursquare were also destroyed during World State of war II. In 1951, architect Kurt Schneckendorf planned the so-chosen New Town Hall (likewise Schneckendorf Building) in their place, which was congenital from 1954 to 1956. The New City Hall is designed in the way of the 1950s with a grid facade. For the pilasters, sandstone was used to match the historic townscape. The alignment of the new edifice deviates from the right bending in and gives a view to the southern tower of the Old Boondocks Hall.
Trivia [edit]
Right portal of the west facade with the many-headed, winged leopard and the beast with x horns from Daniel 7 by Leonhard Kern
In an adjoining room of the Hall of Honour, replicas of the Imperial Crown, the Reichscepter and the Imperial Orb of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation were on display until 2013. Afterward, they were on display at the Kaiserburg</ref>Nuremberg News: "Imperial regalia are on display at the castle for a twelvemonth"</ref>. From autumn 2016, they will grade the centerpiece of the permanent exhibition in the Stadtmuseum Fembohaus.[ane] The original Imperial Regalia were once destined for eternal safekeeping in Nuremberg and have been in Vienna since 1800.
Among the sculptures enthroned on the three Baroque portals, created in 1617 by the sculptor Leonhard Kern, are figures depicting the prophecies in the 7th chapter of the Volume of Daniel. Chapter of the Book of Daniel in the Old Testament of the Bible, where they represent diverse earth powers in history: EÜ and the bear EÜ on the portal to the left of the main entrance, the leopard with four bird wings and four heads EÜ and the mysterious beast with ten horns EÜ on the portal to the right of the main entrance.
Referencces [edit]
- ^ Archived at museen.nuernberg.de on the homepage of the Stadtmuseum
Literature [edit]
- West. Barth: Der Nürnberger Rathausbau des Jakob Wolff d. J., Erlangen, 1986 (chief'south thesis).
- Christian Brick: Reconstruction and repainting of the Old Nuremberg Town Hall Hall. A documentation. Berlin, 1991. (download 85.two MB)
- Harald Clauß, Julius Lincke: The Old Urban center Hall and the Keen City Hall Hall since their War Destruction.
- I. Harald Clauß: The restoration in beat 1956/1958 and the installation of the restaurant 1962
- II Julius Lincke: Plans and measures for the restoration of the interior 1977. In: Nürnberger Altstadtberichte, ed.: Altstadtfreunde Nürnberg e.V., issue five (1980).
- Michael Diefenbacher, Rudolf Endres, ed. (2000), City Hall, Nuremberg City Lexicon (Stadtlexikon Nürnberg) (in German) (second, revised ed.), Nuremberg: W. Tümmels Verlag, ISBN3-921590-69-8
- Isabelle Guyot: L'empreinte luthérienne dans les hôtels de ville du Saint-Empire de la paix d'Augsbourg à la fin de la guerre de Trente ans : Lunebourg, Nuremberg, Augsbourg, Université Lumière, Lyon ii, 2006 (primary's thesis).
- K. Matthäus: On the History of the Nuremberg Calendar. The development of annual calendars printed in Nuremberg. In: Buchform, Offprint from the Archive for the History of the Volume Trade. Vol. ix: Deliveries three-5, Nuremberg. Nuremberg State Archives, Nuremberg 1968, pp. 966–1395.
- Matthias Mende: The Old Nuremberg City Hall. Building history and furnishings of the smashing hall and the council chamber. Nuremberg 1979 (= Stadtgeschichtliche Museen Nürnberg. book 15).
- Matthias Mende (ed.): Albrecht Dürer - ein Künstler in seiner Stadt, Nuremberg 2000; passim likewise on the town hall renovation nether Albrecht Dürer (esp. p. 216 ff.).
- Eastward. Mummenhoff (ed.): Studies on the Topography and History of Nuremberg Urban center Halls, Collectif, Mitteilung des Vereins für Geschichte der Stadt Nürnberg, Fünftes Heft, Nuremberg, Im Selbstverlag des Vereins, 1884, 240 pp., pp. 137–214.
- E. Mummenhoff, H. Wallraff: Das Rathaus in Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Schrag, 1891, 365 pp.
- G. H. Schreyl (ed.): Emblema Politica. Die Sinnbilder im Nürnberger Rathaussaal, Nuremberg, Verlag Hans Carl und Stadtgeschichtliche Museen Nürnberg, 1980, 96 pp.
Coordinates: 49°27′eighteen.7″N 11°04′39.two″East / 49.455194°N 11.077556°E / 49.455194; 11.077556
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg_City_Hall
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